抗菌肽的作用和功效：
抗菌肽具有广谱抗菌作用，能识别和杀灭侵入并定植于动物机体的细菌、真菌，甚至对病毒、原虫及癌细胞也有一定的抑制作用，且对真核细胞没有毒性。
- 抗菌肽对癌细胞的杀伤作用
抗菌肽对正常哺乳动物细胞及昆虫细胞无不良影响，但对癌细胞株则有明显杀伤作用。这种选择性机理可能与细胞骨架有关。已有有关抗菌肽对宫颈癌细胞、直肠癌细胞及肝癌细胞的杀伤作用与剂量相关的效应的报道。
- 抗菌肽对原虫的杀伤作用
抗菌肽Magainins对原虫有杀伤作用。实验证明抗菌肽可以杀死草履虫、变形虫和四膜虫。柞蚕抗菌肽D对阴道毛滴虫亦有杀伤作用。
- 抗菌肽对细菌的杀伤作用
抗菌肽对革兰氏阴性及阳性细菌均有高效广谱的杀伤作用。国内外已报道至少有113种的不同细菌均能被抗菌肽所杀灭。
- 抗菌肽对真菌的杀伤作用
蜂毒素杂合肽对感染昆虫的真菌具有一定的杀伤作用。
5.抗菌肽对病毒的杀伤作用
Melitiin和Cecropins在亚毒性浓度下通过阻遏基因表达来抑制HIV-1病毒的增殖。Magainin-2及合成肽Modelin1 和Moderln－5对疱疹病毒HSV－1和HSV－2有一定的抑制效果。这些肽对病毒被膜直接起作用，而不是抑制病毒DNA的复制或基因表达。
Action and efficacy of antimicrobial peptides:
Antimicrobial peptides have broad-spectrum antibacterial effect, can recognize and kill bacteria and fungi that invade and colonize animals, and even have certain inhibitory effects on viruses, protozoa and cancer cells, and have no toxicity to eukaryotic cells.
1.Homicidal effect of antimicrobial peptides on cancer cells
Antimicrobial peptides have no adverse effects on normal mammalian cells and insect cells, but they have obvious killing effects on cancer cell lines. This selective mechanism may be related to the cytoskeleton. There are been reports on the dose-related killing effect of antimicrobial peptide on cervical
2.cancer cells, rectal cancer cells and liver cancer cells.
Killing effect of antimicrobial peptides on the protozoa
Antimicrobial peptide Magainins has a killing effect on the protozoa. Antibacterial peptides have been shown to kill Paramecium, amoebae, and Tetrahymena. The tussah antimicrobial peptide D also kills trichomonas vaginalis.
3.The bacterial killing effect of antimicrobial peptides
Antimicrobial peptides showed highly efficient and broad-spectrum killing of both Gram-negative and positive bacteria. At least 113 species of different bacteria at home and abroad have been reported to be killed by antimicrobial peptides.
4.Fungal killing effects of antimicrobial peptides
Humittin heterozygous peptide kills fungi infecting insects.
- Homicidal effect of antimicrobial peptides on viruses
Melitiin and Cecropins inhibit the proliferation of HIV-1 virus by repressor gene expression at subtoxic concentrations. Magainin-2 and synthetic peptides Modelin1 and Moderln-5 showed inhibitory effects on herpes virus HSV-1 and HSV-2. These peptides act directly on the viral coat, rather than inhibiting viral DNA replication or gene expression.
